Slavery Was The Civil War For Multiple Reasons - 1536 Words

I think slavery started the civil war for multiple reasons. The slaves were probably way beyond their limits, when it came to cruel and unusual treatment by owners. They wanted to be free; they wanted to see what it feels like to be independent. Make their own money and not get screwed out of their pay. They wanted to be looked and treated as equals of the would to be United States. They did a lot of ground work, and they felt like they deserved respect and a pay out for their dues. I think they should be compensated as well. They were brought here on ships, against their free will, sold to the highest bidder like a showroom car. They worked their tails off day in and day out, under cruel working conditions. The definition of slavery is the practice or system of owning slaves. Google also says slavery is a condition compared to that of a slave in respect of exhausting labor or restricted freedom. Slavery was pretty much frowned upon in the North. Slaves that were in the North were considered to be free but not regular people. They lived in better housing opposed to the slaves living in the south. Slaves down south worked on plantations, mostly picking cotton in the fields. Cotton was the cash crop of the south. The more they harvested the more money they made. The more money they made, the more slaves that were bought. This cycle continued until Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. The cotton gin would remove seeds from the cotton like two or three times as fast as slavesShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Slavery On Women During The Civil War877 Words   |  4 Pages The reason why movements like the Daughters of the Confederacy believe in the Lost Cause of the Confederacy, an intellectual movement that believes the civil war was fought over honor and ideals instead of slavery, is because Southern Women saw the Civil War as a war on one of the fundamentals that made up their way life. My research paper is about understanding the effects that slavery had on women during and prior to the civil war, and how the absence of slavery effected them. This research willRead MoreSlavery Is The Inhuman Act And Should Be Abolished Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history, slavery has always played a vital importance in American History. Slavery has stayed constant throughout history and is still present in the modern era. As per the International Labor Organization, there are roughly 21 million people worldwide who are victims of forced labor. Although it was referred as morally unjust, slavery institutionalized by the legal means and slaveholders w ere protected by property rights. Many arguments made by those that support slavery have attempted toRead MoreThe Impact Of Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation1093 Words   |  5 Pageson the outcome of the Civil War. However, even though Lincoln was morally against the concept of slavery, he had previously stated that he had no intention of abolishing it. Why did he explicitly violate his own word? Multiple factors played a part in Lincoln’s decision to emancipate the slaves. Firstly, as the conflict progressed from a minor rebellion to a full-blown civil war, Lincoln felt that the Emancipation Proclamation would strengthen the Union’s position in the war. Furthermore, free African-AmericansRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1618 Words   |  7 Pages A Civil War is a battle between the same citizens in a country. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the independence for the Confederacy or the survival of the Union. By the time Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861, in the mist of 34 states, the constant disagreement caused seven Southern slave states to their independence from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, generally known as the South, grew to include elevenRead MorePrimary Causes Of The Civil War820 Words   |  4 Pagesand standpoints on why the Civil War had been fought but the primary reason why the Civil War started over uncompromisable differences between free Southern states and pro-slavery Northern states and their controversy over government power and slave laws. Fought during April of 1861 to 1865, the Civil War had divided the country into a frenzy against each other. In fact, a devastating 620,000 soldiers had died from accident, combat, starvation and disease, the deadliest war in American history. To addRead MoreInterpreting The Consequences And Causations Of The American Civil War1058 Words   |  5 PagesInterpreting the con sequences and causations of the American Civil war is a complex and multifarious issue that is defined by two predominant archetypes, the revisionist and fundamentalist viewpoints. The multiple revisionist viewpoints emphasize different interpretations of the origins and significance of the Civil War such as a Southern constitutional viewpoint, politics, economics, sectional differences between the North and South, or the great slave power conspiracy. Moreover, while some of theseRead MoreJames M. Mcpherson : An American Civil War Essay1397 Words   |  6 PagesJames M. McPherson: James McPherson was born on October 11th 1936, he is an American Civil War historian. He received the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Battle Cry of Freedom, his most famous book. McPherson was the president of the American Historical Association in 2003, and is a member of the editorial board of Encyclopedia Britannica. In his early career McPherson wanted to leave a legacy as being known for the historian who focusses on more than one point. Through skillful narrative in a broad-rangingRead MoreMinimum Wage vs. Slavery1407 Words   |  6 PagesSLAVERY VS. MINIMUM WAGE Le’Sean Marks English 102; Civil War Term Paper March 21, 2013 In a time like today, everyone who has ever received minimum wage could agree that it is not ideal, nor is it fair in most cases. However, to compare the brutality of minimum wage to that of slavery is preposterous! In slavery, especially the slavery that occurred in America, human beings lacked more than just proper compensation for their labor. Along with not being fairly rewarded: families were rippedRead MoreThe American Civil War and Its Inevitability Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages The Civil War was the bloodiest and most violent war in all of Americas history. Not only did it pit brother against brother and father against son, but it also caused more deaths than all of Americas wars before or since combined. The cause for the Civil War was not a single event; instead it was a combination of several. In general, the South felt overpowered by the North socially, economically, and culturally. The two sides’ ways of life were completely different in every aspect of the wor dRead MoreThe Age Of The Civil War1592 Words   |  7 Pages The United States of America became a diversified country due to colonization, slavery, and immigration. There were various types of races, ethnicities, and nationalities all in one geographical area. There were pros and there were cons during this time in America. The cons seemed to outweigh the pros; racism, wars, and other societal problems became major issues within North America. The age of the Civil War revealed the United of States Americas societal and racial issues in great depth. Acts

United States Military Academy Causes And Effect

UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY HWE3: CAUSE AND EFFECT SHARED SACRIFICE EN101: COMPOSITION SECTION K34 CPT REBECCA L. MCGILLEY By CADET TANNER P. DISMUKES ’19, CO I2 WEST POINT, NEW YORK 27 OCTOBER 2015 _____ MY DOCUMENTATION IDENTIFIES ALL SOURCES USED AND ASSISTANCE RECEIVED IN COMPLETING THIS ASSIGNMENT. _____ I DID NOT USE ANY SOURCES OR ASSISTANCE REQUIRING DOCUMENTATION IN COMPLETING THIS ASSIGNMENT. SIGNATURE: _____________________________________________________________ Word Count: Shared Sacrifice Mogul Warren E. Buffett’s â€Å"Stop Coddling the Super-Rich† proposes increasing taxes on the zenith socioeconomic class will respite levy burdens on working class Americans, however it fails to recognize various†¦show more content†¦The immediate and long term results of Buffett’s sacrifice would be more beneficial if the money was not handled through the government, but instead dedicated directly through philanthropy. Increasing taxes on wealthy Americans is not giving to the poor, it is capital being acquired by the government. Buffett is making the assumption that the government will use the money to subsidize welfare efforts and small-business growth. While this may be the case, any increase in government spending will simply further increase the deficit of financial security for the masses. When the government has an increase in net income the price of money increases then the available quantity of the dollar increases and overtime businesses rais e the prices of their goods and services because they can make more money (Alesina and Ardagna 49). After the market adjusts to the new price level, there would be no progression or benefit for the working-class, in fact they would be even more burdened by this endeavor. â€Å"Shared sacrifice† would benefit the grassroots if they were directly given the money without government intervention because there would be no economic impact (Buffett 3). Warren Buffett is an entrepreneurial genius and knows the free-market unlike any other with his unique and brilliant economic manipulation, however fiscal policy is much different than his familiarity with monetaryShow MoreRelatedThe Equal Opportunity (EO) is an important program to ensure fair treatment, justice, and equity1200 Words   |  5 Pagesrecreational environments. Equal opportunity violations considered one of the biggest difficulties that face today’s military, therefore, both juniors and seniors NCOs are obligated to maintain a positive EO program in their assigned units, and prevent any equal opportunity violations. Knowing and defining the meaning of each equal opportunity violation will help understand the effect of each one of them on the unit’s morals and cohesion; it will also help determine the best course of action the NCORead MoreWomen in Military1248 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in the United States have long fought for the right to be included in many facets of society such as the right to vote to breaking into professions like the medical field and getting females elected to major government offices. But one of the most intriguing questions of integration has yet to be fully answered. Apart from all others is the battle to allow women the right, the honor, and the privilege of serving and defending their country as part of the United States Armed Forces. Being inRead MoreCoast Guard Policy Review Paper978 Words   |  4 PagesEnlisted Evaluation System (EES) does not have accountability to members that use tobacco products. The Surgeon General of the United States has determine d that tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable illness, disability, and death in the United States, ref (a). The Coast Guard Health Promotion Manual states, â€Å"Tobacco products generate physiological changes and cause significant health risks.† In 2015 about 15 of every 100 U.S. adults aged 18 years or older (15.1%) smoked cigarettes, accordingRead MorePolice Brutality Is An Act Of Aggression And Unnecessary Force1571 Words   |  7 Pageschange and justice. On the other hand, the most productive way to solving this issue is to bring police reform such as new and longer training techniques and higher qualifications for recruitments. First, some solution has been put in place but the effect is not as expected. For instance, having body cameras on an officers’ chest is not enough, make no mistake, officers should have body cameras (king 2016). It’s a partial solution but we know those cameras don’t solve the issue when there’s not enoughRead More Repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pagesforces of the United States, and allows a number of people to serve their country. This policy restricts the United States armed forces from discovering gays, lesbians, and bisexuals. The ‘don’t ask, don’t tell’ policy has, in a way, limited homosexuals from completely fulfilling their military duties by forcing them to serve in the military silent about their personal lives. The policy is a violation of equal rights, forces homosexuals to violate the military code of honor, and causes disputes amongRead MoreSuicide, The Silent Killer1343 Words   |  6 PagesKiller Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death across all ages in the United States. It is also the second leading cause of death for 15 - 35 year olds nationwide. The World Health Organization (or WHO) estimates that approximately 1 million people die every year from suicide. However, almost twice that number that attempt it and survived. In Georgia suicide is the third leading cause of death with roughly 1,000 death per year. Suicide has lasting effects on families and communities; UnderstandingRead MoreCase Study : Pierce V. Society Of Sisters2189 Words   |  9 PagesLibrary, 2016). However, the Court’s decision also ruled that a state has the right to require children to attend school, as well as the minimum standards of education that private schools must meet (Law Library, 2016). In 1925, the Court heard the case of Pierce v. Society of Sisters. In this case, two appellees, the Society of Sisters and Hill Military Academy, sought a restraining order against then-Governor Walter M. Pierce and the state of Oregon (Law Library, 2016). Both of the appellees were privateRead MorePolice Brutality : A Nation Of Free And The Home Of The Brave1304 Words   |  6 Pagesare armed with military grade weaponry. And, thirdly, police regularly violate the civil and human rights of citizens, even committing criminal offenses against them. It is no wonder that the American people are in fear of those sworn to protect them. To make matters worse, the police force, the judicial system, and elected officials stand together justifying homicides, assault, and atrocities committed against the general public. Acquisition of military equipment by the state and local policeRead MoreTechnological Advances And Its Impact On The United States1900 Words   |  8 Pagesinterests of the United States and its colonial progenitors. During the roughly four centuries in which this fighting force has existed, it has undergone numerous changes of varying degrees of significance. Technological advances have changed the nature of both defensive and offensive warfare, political advances have changed the nature of the relationship between the civilian population and its protectors, and geostrategic shifts have changed the role of the United States military with respect toRead More The Effects Of Ufos On People Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pages The Effects of UFOs on People nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Almost every civilization in history that has kept a written history has recorded the sightings of strange objects and lights in the skies. These objects have been described as glowing wheels, colored balls of light, and disk shaped objects. Today unexplained aerial phenomena are generally referred to as unidentified flying objects (UFOs) or flying saucers. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The effects of extra terrestrial sightings

Understanding of Australian Healthcare System

Question: Discuss about theUnderstanding of Australian Healthcare System. Answer: Introduction: The World Health Organization describes a health system as 'all the activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore and/or maintain health' (WHO, 2013). Further, a good health system 'delivers quality services to all people, when and where they need them'. The success of the healthcare system of a country is judged by whether it provides quality service, access for all, is affordable and equitable for the population it serves. The large amount of spending on healthcare by the US ($8387 per person per year) cannot be used as a measure of excellence. But it scores well on preventative measures that focus on reducing disease burden through prevention and early detection (How to compare health systems between countries, 2014)In Australia, the healthcare system offers highly subsidized and even free services for all. Other than robust finances healthcare system requires a highly trained workforce, and a policy framework based on needs and requirements of the people it provides ser vices to (/which-country-has-worlds-best-healthcare-system-this-is-the-nhs, 2016). The healthcare system provision in Australia consists of public and private service providers. It is accomplished by a network of providers that includes medical practitioners, nurses, pathology and testing services, clinics and hospitals. The publicly funded medical services are receive funds from the state and territory governments and function under the administration of the local, state and territory and the Australian governments. The private clinics and hospitals and pharmacies are funded and run by the private sector. A wide range of services are available to serve the medical needs of the Australian public, these include- preventive services, public health services, emergency healthcare, hospital-based treatment and care, palliative care and rehabilitation services. Primary healthcare services form the basis of the healthcare in Australia. Other programs that are provided by the government include- population health, community health and health infrastructure. Health services for the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders are also provided. Regulation of the health services is done through legislation that governs the public hospital system. Sale of tobacco and alcohol products is regulated by governments. Ensuring the safety and quality of goods and appliances and medicines is a function of the Australian government. Quarantine arrangements and medical insurance provided by the private sector when required and a safe supply of blood and blood products are the responsibilities of the local and state/territory governments. Private hospitals are licensed and registered in order to facilitate monitoring by the authorities. The National Registration and Accreditation Scheme (NRAS) ensures that all practitioners are suitably qualified and if services are required, their mobility across the country is facilitated. The department of health ensures a responsive and flexible workforce for provision of healthcare services across all states and territories of Australia (Health Systems). Many countries have opted for co-payments. The level of out-of-pocket payments in Australia is at $731 per capita, which is higher than the OECD average. This puts the vulnerable sections of the population at risk, because they either avoid treatment and this has long-term negative fall-outs on their health or they cannot afford the expensive range of healthcare treatments at all. Even though the healthcare system is largely government funded in Australia, 20% of the time, patients have to make out-of-pocket payments. High rate of hospital admissions in Australia for the treatment of chronic conditions points to the rather low rates of prevention programs delivered through the primary healthcare system. In particular, two health issues that can be treated by better self-management of patients and primary care are asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lesser hospitalisations can then lead to reduced healthcare expenditure due to fewer hospitalisations. (/Health-at-a-Glance -2015-Key-Findings-AUSTRALIA.pdf, 2015). Health expenditure in Australia in 2012 was 9.1% of the GDP. In 2010-11, public sector spending on healthcare was 68%, 20.4% payments were made out-of-pocket, and 8.3% of healthcare expenses were covered by private insurance providers. 47% Australians were insured for treatment in private hospitals. These include affluent Australians and women between 20 and 30 years of age. Out-of-pocket payment is $731 in Australia against an OECD average of $590. About 18% Australians had to wait for more than four months for elective surgeries, according to the health policy survey of 2010. 16% Australians experienced an access barrier to healthcare due to high cost (Jeyaratnam Jackson-Webb, 2014). The Medicare services under the public health system offer free treatment by doctors, dentists and optometrists, and prescription pharmaceuticals. 85% of the healthcare burden in Australia is due to the non-communicable diseases, 10% of the healthcare resources were utilized in 2010 for treatment of injuries. On the contrary, just 5% of the disease burden was due to communicable diseases, neo-natal, nutritional disorders and maternal problems. Among the non-communicable diseases, 16% disease burden in 2010 was due to cancer, 16% due to musculoskeletal disorders, 14% due to cardiovascular disease and 13% due to mental disorders. The risk factors that contribute the most to disease burden in Australia are - dietary risks at 11%, obesity at 9% and smoking at 8%. The diseases that are on the rise due to these risk factors include- diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, uro-genital disorders and diseases of the endocrine system, examples are hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Hypertension, lipid disorders, diabetes, depression and arthritis are the most common reasons why patients in Australia consult their general practitioners. According to the WHO, the global burden of disease has shifted to non-communicable diseases. While the developed countries have registered high rates of cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, the developing countries are also part of the pandemic that sweeps the world, due to lower food prices, sedentary life styles and poor nutrition. The expenditure incurred by healthcare systems is largely due to chronic diseases that can be prevented. 15% of the Australian population suffers from arthritis, 13% from lower back pain or slipped discs, 10% from hypertension and 10% each from asthma and depression. 360,000 Australians lived with cancer and 4.6% of the population is suffering from diabetes and its complications. 5% people living in Australia suffer from cardiovascular disease or have suffered a stroke. (/ill-health/). In Australia the per capita funding for the indigenous people was increased rather belatedly, by then the disease burden had grown to such an extent that it will take considerable time for the impact to be noticeable. In the U.S. the Indian Health Service provides the funding stream for the Indians, but it has shortcomings because funding is not hiked when there is inflation or salaries of healthcare staff increase. As the needs grow the funds appear to decline (financing/healthreport/IHNo33.pdf). Life expectancy for native Americans have increased by 39% from 51 years to 71 years from the year 1940 to 1995. But the disease burden due to chronic diseases has grown (Bramley, Hebert, Tuzzio, Chassin, 2005). Policy makers need to be inclusive while framing policy for improvement of health of the indigenous people and incorporate their values and beliefs for delivery of healthcare to be delivered with some success. The impact of colonisation and dispossession on the indigenous people's mental health has been immense. It is important to recognise their collective rights and sense of self-determination when implementing healthcare strategy for them (/sowip-press-package-en.pdf). Historically, the provision of health services for the indigenous populations has been rather poor. According to the Australian Department of Health the implementation plan for the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders, a health plan has been under implementation from 2013-2023. It has several strategies for health improvement of the indigenous people that include- making an investment in health organisations controlled and run by the Aboriginal community. Reducing incidences of racism in the mainstream healthcare system so that the indigenous people can access health services without fear of being discriminated against. Increasing trained work force that is culturally sensitive to the requirements of the Aboriginals. Adoption of an inclusive approach to include the Aboriginal and Torres Islander peoples while planning, delivering healthcare services and the evaluation of services, so that the specific difficulties they face in accessing healthcare can be addressed. Adding numbers to the workforce that caters to their healthcare needs. (/national). Strengths of the Australian health care system include an increased emphasis on preventive medicine than before. About 440,000 Australians died due to causes that were preventable between 1997 and 2012. The adoption of preventive medicine to treat causes like heart disease, cancer and suicides has improved the ability of people to reverse symptoms and lead healthier lives through timely intervention (Ting, 2015). Most Australians who cannot afford expensive healthcare have the option of subsidized or even free consultations and pharmacies. But increased emphasis on chronic and preventable diseases in the Australian system of primary healthcare. The timely diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, obesity and lifestyle diseases is needed to reduce the disease burden. Another weakness of the Australian healthcare system is that it is becoming increasingly difficult for patients to understand and navigate. This is largely due to the fact that there is considerable control on funding by both- the federal and the state or territory governments. It will be easier for the various stakeholders if the federal governments steers and allows more spending to be done by the state or territory governments. Quality standards for healthcare should be extended to mental health and long term care services (https://www.oecd.org/australia/australia-s-health-system-is-too-complex-for-patients.htm). In the US prevention of chronic diseases is much better and the rates of cancer survivals are highest in the world. 90% of the population is covered by medical insurance. But obesity and mental health treatment does not receive enough attention. Co-payments have to be paid by patients and often the staggering costs of intensive testing, at times unnecessary, has to be borne by the patient. The medical profession is also influenced by increasing law suits. There are gaps in insurance that leave the patients to pay rather hefty bills if some area of their treatment is not covered by insurance. In its endeavour to improve the primary health care through preventing diseases so that the burden on healthcare services is reduced, Australia has started several programs that help to detect disease early. One such program is the Breastscreen Australia that sends invites to women between 50 and 74 years of age for a mammogram, every two years. The program aims to diagnose breast cancer in the early stages so that the disease burden can be reduced (/breast-screening-1). The highest incidence of melanoma in the world occurs in Australia. The SunSmart program was launched for prevention of this form of cancer. In the state of Victoria, about 40,000 cases of melanoma are diagnosed annually and in 2013, 460 people succumbed to the disease. Treatment is expensive and the burden on the healthcare system is staggering. Prevention includes teaching people how to balance the exposure to sunlight, so that adequate Vitamin D formation occurs but one remains protected from the cancer causing UV rays of sunlight. Protection includes wearing full sleeved clothing, applying sunscreen to exposed parts of the skin and wearing a hat. Methods of prevention and awareness camps are held at schools, offices, sporting clubs, childhood centres and several other locations. Since skin cancer is also highly preventable, the staggering amount of $500 million spent on its treatment can be brought down (Welcome to SunSmart). In conclusion, the delivery of healthcare is a complex process with several stakeholders. Each country has specific needs but there are several points to be learnt from one country to another. Australia has a healthcare system with robust finance and it largely dependent on federal and government funding. The US has a highly advanced healthcare system with a strong dependence on the insurance sector for funding. While Australia can learn from the US about how to implement preventive programs to reduce the disease burden; the US can think about ways to improve its healthcare delivery to the 10% of its population who are uninsured and cannot afford the high cost of treatment. References breast-screening-1. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cancerscreening.gov.au: https://www.cancerscreening.gov.au/internet/screening/publishing.nsf/Content/breast-screening-1 Health-at-a-Glance-2015-Key-Findings-AUSTRALIA.pdf. (2015). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org: https://www.oecd.org/australia/Health-at-a-Glance-2015-Key-Findings-AUSTRALIA.pdf ill-health/. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au: https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/ill-health/ index5.html. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.who.int: www.who.int/healthsystems/hss-glossary/en/index5.html policies-strategies/general/national. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au: https://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/health-infrastructure/policies/policies-strategies/general/national sowip-press-package-en.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.un.org: https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/SOWIP/press%20package/sowip-press-package-en.pdf which-country-has-worlds-best-healthcare-system-this-is-the-nhs. (2016, February 9). Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/feb/09/which-country-has-worlds-best-healthcare-system-this-is-the-nhs Bramley, D., Hebert, P., Tuzzio, L., Chassin, M. (2005). Disparities in Indigenous Health: A Cross-Country Comparison Between New Zealand and the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 95(5): 844850. financing/healthreport/IHNo33.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/: https://www.who.int/healthsystems/topics/financing/healthreport/IHNo33.pdf health_systems/en/. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.who.int: https://www.who.int/gho/health_systems/en/ health-system/. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au: https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/health-system/ How to compare health-care systems (2014, June 29). /economist-explains-16. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com: https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2014/06/economist-explains-16 https://www.oecd.org/australia/australia-s-health-system-is-too-complex-for-patients.htm. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/: https://www.oecd.org/australia/australia-s-health-system-is-too-complex-for-patients.htm Jeyaratnam, E., Jackson-Webb, F. (2014, September 1). /infographic-comparing-international-health-systems-30784. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com: https://theconversation.com/infographic-comparing-international-health-systems-30784 Ting, I. (2015, October 9). he-440000-australians-who-didnt-need-to-die-revealed-in-report-2015. Retrieved from https://www.smh.com.au: https://www.smh.com.au/national/health/the-440000-australians-who-didnt-need-to-die-revealed-in-report-2015 Welcome to SunSmart. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sunsmart.com.au/: https://www.sunsmart.com.au/

Position Paper Essays - History Of East Timor,

Position Paper The conflict in the former Portuguese Southeast Asian colony of East Timor, illegally invaded and annexed by Indonesia in September 1975, continues to fester away. Indonesia's suppression of legitimate East Timorese aspirations for respect of their human rights, including the right of self-determination, has been a cause for continued international tensions. The death toll in East Timor is approximately 250,000. The size of the death toll, combined with Indonesian policies that seem to be explicitly aimed at lowering and diluting the Timorese population have led to accusations stating that this is intentional genocide by the Indonesian regime. The Indonesian military has established an intense and pervasive presence in East Timor. Weapons have been supplied to the military by many countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom. The government of Singapore supports the removal of such weapons as fighter planes, bombers, missiles, helicopters, light tanks, armored personnel carriers, armored water cannons, Bailey bridges, Land Rovers, frigates, patrol boats, naval guns and firing systems. Such actions as reductions to the Indonesian Military Education and Training (IMET) program, an embargo on the sale of light weapons to Indonesia, and a suspension on the sale of certain types of heavy weapons is also supported. The government of Singapore is giving their full support toward removing troops from East Timor. Not only will this cease the violence, it will also allow the process of self-determination to begin. In December of 1975 and April of 1976, the Security Council of the United Nations passed resolutions which demanded that "the Government of Indonesia withdraw all of its forces from the territory." Although all United Nations members are bound to abide by Security Council resolutions, Indonesia has been in defiance of this rule for over twenty years. The government of Singapore is showing a willingness to work with the international community towards removing these troops. Singapore fully believes that peace can not be solely established in East Timor with just the removal of the Indonesian military, but through the process of removing all weapons, and with the reductions of such programs as the IMET. The Situation in Afghanistan Singapore, as much of the global community, is concerned with the current crisis in Afghanistan. In August of 1998, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1193, which called for an immediate cease-fire, peace talks, elimination of aid, and the immediate release of any diplomats held by the Taliban. This Resolution has been refused by the Taliban to this date. Because of the many humanitarian issues involved, Singapore, as upholders of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Religious Intolerance, believe that the Taliban's restrictions are a direct violation of many basic human rights, such as freedom of religion. In addition, more economic and humanitarian aid to the people of Afghanistan is strongly recommended by the Republic of Singapore who encourages all members to support joint resolutions advocating such actions. As the Taliban's actions threaten to lead the war between Afghanistan and Iran, Singapore calls upon the Taliban government to answer all of Iran's complaints honestly and to negotiate a settlement without preconditions to prevent further problems in the future. The Kosovo Crisis The government of Singapore is severely concerned with the violent actions which are taking place in Kosovo. On February 28, 1998, Serbian special police launched a brutal attack against the Albanians. From that day on, several massacres of innocent civilians have been committed. Singapore supports the peace talks taking place in France, which give the international community an historic opportunity to create peace in Kosovo that provides the basis for long-term stability in the region. The government of Singapore will show a willingness to work within the international community to create a resolution in order to gain and retain peace. The government of Singapore also believes that all Serbian forces should be removed from Kosovo. Removal of the forces will dramatically improve the security situation for international peace-keepers assigned there by removing the target of KLA attacks. The removal will also create an atmosphere of security in which the population of Kosovo can end its reliance on armed resistance. In exchange for the removal of Serb forces, Singapore also believes that the Kosovar Albanians